Time, Temperature, and Latitudinal Constraints on the Annual Recolonization of Eastern North America by the Monarch Butterfly

First Author: 

  • Cockrell

Type: 

  • Book Chapter

Year: 

1993

Source: 

  • Biology and Conservation of the Monarch Butterfly

Category: 

  • Monarch research, Migration

Full Reference: 

Cockrell BJ, Malcolm SB, Brower LP. 1993. Time, Temperature, and Latitudinal Constraints on the Annual Recolonization of Eastern North America by the Monarch Butterfly. Pages 233-252 in Malcolm SB, Zalucki MP, eds. Biology and Conservation of the Monarch Butterfly. Los Angeles, USA: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.

Online citation: 

http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Time%2C%20Temperature%2C%20and%20Latitudinal…

Study Setting: 

  • Field

Geographic Focus: 

  • Eastern Breeding

Field Definitions

First author: Last name of the first author
Type: Article or book chapter
Year: Publication year
Source: Journal or book
Category*: Broad scope of the publication.
Research topic (monarch & supporting research only)*: Specific topic.
Geographic focus*: Geographic setting for field studies.
Monitoring data used: Data from monitoring or public data efforts.
* Full list